The States Parties to this Agreement.

Having regard to the general objectives of the resolutions adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its sixth special session regarding the establishment of a new international economic order.

Considering that the development of international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among States.

Believing that the adoption of unified rules governing international sales contracts for goods, taking into account various social, economic, and legal systems, would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in the field of international trade and enhance the development of international trade. They have agreed as follows:

1- The provisions of this Agreement apply to contracts for the sale of goods concluded between parties whose places of business are in different countries:

• A- when these countries are contracting states; or

• B- when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a contracting state.

2- The fact that the places of business of the parties are in different countries shall not be considered if this is not evident from the contract or from any previous transactions between the parties, or from the information provided by the parties prior to the conclusion of the contract or at the time of its conclusion.

3- The nationality of the parties and the civil or commercial status of the parties or the contract shall not be taken into account in determining the application of this Agreement.

The provisions of this Agreement do not apply to the following sales:

• A- Goods purchased for personal, family, or household use, unless the seller is unaware before the conclusion of the Contract or at the time of its conclusion, and it is not presumed that he should be aware, that the goods were purchased for use in any of the aforementioned ways.

• B- Auction sales.

• C- Sales that follow a seizure or other sales conducted by order of the judicial authority.

• D- Securities, commercial papers, and money.

• E- Ships, vessels, boats, and aircraft.

• F- Electricity.

1- Supply contracts that involve the manufacture or production of goods are considered sales, unless the party requesting the goods has committed to supplying a significant portion of the material elements necessary for their manufacture or production.

2- This agreement does not apply to contracts where the essential part involves the obligation of the party supplying the goods to provide labor or other services.

The application of this Agreement is limited to the formation of the Sale Contract and the rights and Obligations established by this Contract for both the Seller and the Buyer. Except in cases where there is an explicit contrary provision in this Agreement, this Agreement does not specifically relate to the following:

A- The validity of the Contract or its terms or the customary practices related to it.

B- The effects that the Contract may have on the ownership of the sold goods.

The provisions of this Agreement do not apply to the seller's liability arising from death or bodily injuries occurring to any person due to the goods.

The parties may exclude the application of this Agreement, and they may, except for the provisions stipulated in Article 12, violate any of its texts or amend its effects.